Hello Group!
First of all, make sure your Wiki is up and running for Monday. We will be checking it during class. Second, please comment on this post with regard to the following:
1. Give a brief summary of your event that encapsulates your understanding. This should be in your own words.
2. Provide FIVE quotations (voices) that you think will be valuable additions to your script. Provide each quote and then explain who the speaker is and why the quote is relevant.
I created the wiki for our group..its link is the following:
ReplyDeletehttp://brownvboardofed.pbworks.com/w/page/35871631/FrontPage
1. Brown versus board of education is about segregation in schools. At first, separate but equal was sufficient, but then people came to realize and show the rest of the United States that wasn't the case. This supreme court ruling shows why separate but equal is incorrect.
2. "We conclude that the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." - Earl Warren (chief Justice 1954)
"In the case of racial identification, self awareness develops to the point of as including an aspect of the self, membership in a racial group." - Kenneth Clark
"Nor shall any State . . . deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." - 14th Amendment (Equal Protection Clause)
"...if the colored children are denied the experience in school of associating with white children, who represent 90 percent of our national society in which these colored children must live, then the colored child's curriculum is being greatly curtailed. The Topeka curriculum or any school curriculum cannot be equal under segregation." - Hugh Speer
"We come then to the question presented: Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race, even though the physical facilities and other "tangible" factors may be equal, deprive the children of the minority group of equal educational opportunities? We believe that it does...We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. Therefore, we hold that the plaintiffs and others similarly situated for whom the actions have been brought are, by reason of the segregation complained of, deprived of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment." - Earl Warren
1. Brown v. Board of Education (1954) was a Supreme Court case in which Brown was trying to integrate black and white students in the same school. Previous cases such as Briggs v. Elliot and Davis v. County School Board of Prince Edward County decided that white and black schools must reach equality in terms of buildings, qualifications, curricula, and teacher salaries.
ReplyDeleteThe question being asked by the judges was, "Does the segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race deprive the minority children of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the 14th Amendment?"
The Supreme Court said that; "Yes. Despite the equalization of the schools by "objective" factors, intangible issues foster and maintain inequality. Racial segregation in public education has a detrimental effect on minority children because it is interpreted as a sign of inferiority. The long-held doctrine that separate facilities were permissible provided they were equal was rejected. Separate but equal is inherently unequal in the context of public education. The unanimous opinion sounded the death-knell for all forms of state-maintained racial separation."
The Supreme Court said that Equal but Separate puts out a message to minority children that they are inferior, and will have detrimental effects as they grow up **in the school systems.**
2. “Segregation of white and Negro children in the public schools of a State solely on the basis of race, pursuant to state laws permitting or requiring such segregation, denies to Negro children the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment -- even though the physical facilities and other "tangible" factors of white and Negro schools may be equal.” – Appeal from the US District Court for the District of Kansas
“(b) The question presented in these cases must be determined not on the basis of conditions existing when the Fourteenth Amendment was adopted, but in the light of the full development of public education and its present place in American life throughout the Nation.” – Appeal from the US District Court for the District of Kansas
“(e) The "separate but equal" doctrine adopted in Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537, has no place in the field of public education.” – Appeal from the US District Court for the District of Kansas
“The plaintiffs contend that segregated public schools are not "equal" and cannot be made "equal," and that hence they are deprived of the equal protection of the laws. Because of the obvious importance of the question presented, the Court took jurisdiction. Argument was heard in the 1952 Term, and reargument was heard this Term on certain questions propounded by the Court.” -Chief Justice Warren
“The doctrine of "separate but equal" did not make its appearance in this Court until 1896 in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson, supra, involving not education but transportation. American courts have since labored with the doctrine for over half a century. In this Court, there have been six cases involving the "separate but equal" doctrine in the field of public education. In Cumming v. County Board of Education, 175 U.S. 528, and Gong Lum v. Rice, 275 U.S. 78, the validity of the doctrine itself was not challenged. In more recent cases, all on the graduate school level, inequality was found in that specific benefits enjoyed by white students were denied to Negro students of the same educational qualifications. Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada, 305 U.S. 337; Sipuel v. Oklahoma, 332 U.S. 631; Sweatt v. Painter, 339 U.S. 629; McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637. In none of these cases was it necessary to reexamine the doctrine to grant relief to the Negro plaintiff. And in Sweatt v. Painter, supra, the Court expressly reserved decision on the question whether Plessy v. Ferguson should be held inapplicable to public education.” – Chief Justice Warren
The Brown vs. Board of Education case started in 1951 when Oliver Brown decided to file a lawsuit against the all white school that wouldn't allow his African-American daughter to attend. Eventually this case was brought to the supreme court and there was a unanimous opinion on the issue.
ReplyDelete"We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. Therefore, we hold that the plaintiffs and other similarly situated are deprived of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment." - this opinion was delivered by Chief Justice Earl Warren in 1954.
"The decision of the Supreme Court concerning school integration, of course, affects the South more seriously than it does other sections of the country" - Eisenhower stated this is in first of two presidential proclamations.
"Segregation in public education is now not only unlawful; it is un-American. True Americans are grateful for this decision. Now that the law is made clear, we look to the future. Having canvassed the situation in each of our states, we approach the future with the utmost confidence..." - the NAACP stated this at a press conference shortly after the Brown vs. Board case reached its decision.
"Here there are findings below that the Negro and white schools involved have been equalized, or are being equalized, with respect to buildings, curricula, qualifications, and salaries of teachers and other 'tangible' factors."= Chief Justice Earl Warren
"Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. " - The Fourteenth Amendment